The capital of Iowa is Des Moines. Located in the heart of the state, Des Moines serves as Iowa’s political, economic, and cultural hub, home to the state government, major businesses, and a vibrant community.
Understanding Iowa’s Capital
Des Moines is not only the capital but also the most populous city in Iowa. It plays a crucial role in the state’s governance, commerce, and daily life. The city’s central location makes it an accessible meeting point for Iowans from all corners of the state.
The State Capitol Building, with its distinctive gold dome, stands as a prominent landmark in Des Moines. This historic building houses the Iowa General Assembly, the Governor’s office, and the Supreme Court, making it the epicenter of state legislative and judicial activity. Visitors can tour the Capitol and observe the workings of state government.
A Brief History of Iowa’s Capital
While Des Moines is the current capital, it wasn’t always so. Iowa City held the distinction of being Iowa’s first territorial and then state capital from 1841 to 1857. The Old Capitol Building in Iowa City, now part of the University of Iowa campus, stands as a testament to this early history.
The decision to move the capital to Des Moines in 1857 was driven by the state’s westward expansion and the need for a more geographically central location. Des Moines, situated at the confluence of the Des Moines and Raccoon Rivers, offered a more accessible point for a growing state. This strategic move helped solidify Des Moines’ future as Iowa’s primary urban center.
Des Moines: A Hub of Activity
As the capital, Des Moines is much more than just a government seat. It is a dynamic city with a diverse economy and a rich cultural scene.
Economy: Des Moines is a major center for the insurance and financial services industries, often referred to as a "Hartford of the West." Beyond finance, the city has a growing presence in advanced manufacturing, publishing, and technology. Its strong ties to agriculture, Iowa’s foundational industry, also contribute significantly to its economic landscape.
Population: The city of Des Moines has a population of over 210,000 residents, with the greater metropolitan area exceeding 700,000. This makes it the largest urban area in Iowa, drawing people for employment, education, and lifestyle opportunities.
Geography and Climate: Des Moines is located in central Iowa, characterized by rolling hills and fertile farmland. The city experiences a humid continental climate, with warm, humid summers and cold, snowy winters. The Des Moines River flows through the city, offering scenic views and recreational opportunities.
Time Zone: Like the majority of Iowa, Des Moines observes Central Standard Time (CST) during the fall and winter months and Central Daylight Time (CDT) during spring and summer.
Transportation: Des Moines is well-connected by major interstate highways, including I-35 and I-80, which intersect just north of the city. Des Moines International Airport (DSM) provides air travel services, connecting the capital to major cities across the United States.
Things to Do in Des Moines
Visiting Iowa’s capital offers a variety of experiences for residents and tourists alike.
- Tour the State Capitol: Explore the magnificent architecture, including the grand dome, and learn about Iowa’s legislative process. Free guided tours are available.
- Visit the East Village: Located just east of the Capitol, this historic district offers unique boutiques, art galleries, and diverse dining options in beautifully preserved buildings.
- Explore the Pappajohn Sculpture Park: This outdoor art park features impressive contemporary sculptures by world-renowned artists, making for a pleasant stroll through downtown.
- Attend the Iowa State Fair: Held annually in August, the Iowa State Fair is one of the oldest and largest agricultural and industrial expositions in the country, drawing over a million visitors.
- Discover Local Museums: The Des Moines Art Center, Science Center of Iowa, and the State Historical Museum of Iowa offer engaging exhibits for all ages.
- Enjoy Outdoor Recreation: Explore trails along the Des Moines River, visit Gray’s Lake Park for paddleboarding or kayaking, or spend time at the Blank Park Zoo.
Safety and Considerations for Visitors
Des Moines is generally a safe city, but like any urban area, it’s wise to be aware of your surroundings, especially in crowded areas or at night. When visiting government buildings like the State Capitol, be prepared for security screenings and follow all posted rules and regulations. Parking is available downtown and near attractions, often in ramps or metered spots.
Frequently Asked Questions
When did Des Moines become the capital of Iowa?
Des Moines officially became the capital of Iowa in 1857, taking over from Iowa City.
What was the original capital of Iowa?
Iowa City was the first capital of Iowa, serving as the territorial and then state capital from 1841 to 1857.
What is the population of Des Moines?
The city of Des Moines has a population of over 210,000 residents, making it the most populous city in Iowa. The greater metropolitan area has over 700,000 people.
What are some major attractions in Des Moines?
Key attractions include the Iowa State Capitol, Pappajohn Sculpture Park, East Village shopping district, Science Center of Iowa, Des Moines Art Center, and the Iowa State Fairgrounds.
Conclusion
Des Moines proudly stands as the capital of Iowa, a role it has held since 1857. More than just the seat of state government, it is a vibrant city that drives Iowa’s economy, offers diverse cultural experiences, and serves as a welcoming hub for residents and visitors alike. Its central location and rich history underscore its importance as the heart of the Hawkeye State.
